HERE'S THE RIGHT AND PROVEN WAY TO PASS ISQI CTFL_SYLL_4.0 EXAM

Here's the Right and Proven Way to Pass ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam

Here's the Right and Proven Way to Pass ISQI CTFL_Syll_4.0 Exam

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ISQI ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 Sample Questions (Q92-Q97):

NEW QUESTION # 92
Which of the following lists factors That contribute to PROJECT risks?

  • A. skill and staff shortages; software does not perform its intended functions; problems in defining the right requirements.
  • B. poor software quality characteristics; software does not perform its intended functions.
  • C. problems in defining the right requirements; contractual issues; poor software quality characteristics.
  • D. skill and staff shortages; problems in defining the right requirements, contractual issues.

Answer: D

Explanation:
Project risks are the uncertainties or threats that may affect the project objectives, such as scope, schedule, cost, and quality. According to the ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 syllabus, some of the factors that contribute to project risks are:
* Skill and staff shortages: This factor refers to the lack of adequate or qualified human resources to perform the project tasks. This may result in delays, errors, rework, or low productivity.
* Problems in defining the right requirements: This factor refers to the difficulties or ambiguities in eliciting, analyzing, specifying, validating, or managing the requirements of the project. This may result in misalignment, inconsistencies, gaps, or changes in the requirements, affecting the project scope and quality.
* Contractual issues: This factor refers to the challenges or disputes that may arise from the contractual agreements between the project parties, such as clients, suppliers, vendors, or subcontractors. This may result in legal, financial, or ethical risks, affecting the project delivery and satisfaction.
The other options are not correct because they list factors that contribute to PRODUCT risks, not project risks.
Product risks are the uncertainties or threats that may affect the quality or functionality of the software product or system. Some of the factors that contribute to product risks are:
* Poor software quality characteristics: This factor refers to the lack of adherence or compliance to the quality attributes or criteria of the software product or system, such as reliability, usability, security, performance, or maintainability. This may result in defects, failures, or dissatisfaction of the users or stakeholders.
* Software does not perform its intended functions: This factor refers to the deviation or discrepancy between the expected and actual behavior or output of the software product or system. This may result in errors, faults, or malfunctions of the software product or system.
References = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 syllabus, Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Testing, Section 1.5: Risks and Testing, Pages 14-16.


NEW QUESTION # 93
Which of the following answers describes a reason for adopting experience-based testing techniques?

  • A. Experience-based test techniques tend to find defects that may be difficult to find with black-box and white-box test techniques and are often useful to complement these more systematic techniques
  • B. Experience-based test techniques allow designing test cases that are usually easier to reproduce than those designed with black-box and white-box test techniques
  • C. Experience-based test techniques completely rely on the tester's past experience for designing test cases
  • D. Experience-based test techniques provide more systematic coverage criteria than black-box and white-box test techniques

Answer: A

Explanation:
Experience-based testing techniques are adopted for several reasons, most importantly because they can identify defects that might be missed by more systematic approaches like black-box and white-box testing.
While systematic techniques follow predefined procedures and cover specific criteria, experience-based techniques leverage the tester's knowledge, intuition, and experience, which can be especially effective in uncovering subtle and complex issues.
Experience-based testing techniques include methods such as error guessing and exploratory testing. These methods rely on the tester's background and intuition to predict where defects might be located and how the system might fail. These techniques are particularly useful in situations where the requirements and specifications are incomplete or ambiguous, and where creative and ad-hoc approaches can provide significant value.
References:
* The official ISTQB CTFL syllabus emphasizes that experience-based techniques can find defects that more systematic techniques might miss, which makes them valuable complements to other testing methods.


NEW QUESTION # 94
Which of the following statements is true?

  • A. Experience-based test techniques rely on the experience of testers to identify the root causes of defects found by black-box test techniques
  • B. Experience-based test techniques are often useful to detect hidden defects that have not been targeted by black-box test techniques
  • C. Some of the most common test basis used by white-box test techniques include user stories, use cases and business processes
  • D. The primary goal of experience-based test techniques is to design test cases that can be easily automated using a GUI-based test automation tool

Answer: B

Explanation:
Experience-based test techniques are test design techniques that rely on the experience, knowledge, intuition, and creativity of the testers to identify and execute test cases that are likely to find defects in the software system. Experience-based test techniques are often useful to detect hidden defects that have not been targeted by black-box test techniques, which are test design techniques that use the external behavior and specifications of the software system as the test basis, without considering its internal structure or implementation. Experience-based test techniques can complement black-box test techniques by covering aspects that are not explicitly specified, such as usability, security, reliability, performance, etc. The other statements are false, because:
* Experience-based test techniques do not rely on the experience of testers to identify the root causes of defects found by black-box test techniques, but rather to identify the potential sources of defects based on their own insights, heuristics, or exploratory testing. The root causes of defects are usually identified by debugging or root cause analysis, which are activities that involve examining the code or the development process to find and fix the errors that led to the defects.
* Some of the most common test basis used by white-box test techniques include the source code, the design documents, the architecture diagrams, and the control flow graphs of the software system. White- box test techniques are test design techniques that use the internal structure and implementation of the software system as the test basis, and aim to achieve a certain level of test coverage based on the code elements, such as statements, branches, paths, etc. User stories, use cases, and business processes are examples of test basis used by black-box test techniques, as they describe the functional and non- functional requirements of the software system from the perspective of the users or the stakeholders.
* The primary goal of experience-based test techniques is not to design test cases that can be easily automated using a GUI-based test automation tool, but rather to design test cases that can reveal defects that are not easily detected by other test techniques, such as boundary value analysis, equivalence partitioning, state transition testing, etc. Test automation is the use of software tools to execute test cases and compare actual results with expected results, without human intervention. Test automation can be applied to different types of test techniques, depending on the test objectives, the test levels, the test tools, and the test resources. However, test automation is not always feasible or beneficial, especially for test cases that require human judgment, creativity, or exploration, such as those designed by experience-based test techniques. References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.
0 sources and documents:
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.1, Black-box Test Design Techniques
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.2, White-box Test Design Techniques
* ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 2.2.3, Experience-based Test Design Techniques
* ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Experience-based Test Technique, Black-box Test Technique, White-box Test Technique, Test Basis, Test Coverage, Test Automation


NEW QUESTION # 95
A calculator software is used to calculate the result for 5+6.
The user noticed that the result given is 6.
This is an example of;

  • A. Failure
  • B. Mistake
  • C. Fault
  • D. Error

Answer: A

Explanation:
According to the ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, 2018, page 18, a failure is "an event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits". In this case, the calculator software does not perform the required function of calculating the correct result for 5+6 within the specified limits of accuracy and precision. Therefore, this is an example of a failure.
The other options are incorrect because:
* A mistake is "a human action that produces an incorrect result" (page 25). A mistake is not an event, but an action, and it may or may not lead to a failure. For example, a mistake could be a typo in the code, a wrong assumption in the design, or a misunderstanding of the requirement.
* A fault is "a defect in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function" (page 16). A fault is not an event, but a defect, and it may or may not cause a failure. For example, a fault could be a logical error in the code, a missing specification in the design, or a contradiction in the requirement.
* An error is "the difference between a computed, observed, or measured value or condition and the true, specified, or theoretically correct value or condition" (page 15). An error is not an event, but a difference, and it may or may not result in a failure. For example, an error could be a rounding error in the calculation, a measurement error in the observation, or a deviation error in the condition.
References = ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms, Version 4.0, 2018, pages 15-18, 25; ISTQB CTFL 4.0 - Sample Exam - Answers, Version 1.1, 2023, Question 96, page 34.


NEW QUESTION # 96
Which of the following statements best describes how configuration management supports testing?

  • A. Configuration management is an approach to interoperability testing where tests are executed in the cloud, as the cloud can provide cost-effective access to multiple configurations of the test environments
  • B. Configuration management is an administrative discipline that includes change control, which is the process of controlling the changes to identified items referred to as Configuration Items'
  • C. Configuration management helps reduce testing effort by identifying a manageable number of test environment configurations in which to test the software, out of all possible configurations of the environment in which the software will be released
  • D. Configuration management helps ensure that all relevant project documentation and software items are uniquely identified in all their versions and therefore can be unambiguously referenced in test documentation

Answer: D

Explanation:
This answer is correct because configuration management is a process of establishing and maintaining consistency of a product's performance, functional, and physical attributes with its requirements, design, and operational information throughout its life. Configuration management helps ensure that all relevant project documentation and software items are uniquely identified in all their versions and therefore can be unambiguously referenced in test documentation. This supports testing by providing traceability, consistency, and control over the test artifacts and the software under test. Reference: : ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, : ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.2.2.2


NEW QUESTION # 97
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